Introduction
Cervical Cancer is a disease common in women, is also known as cervical cancer or cervical carcinoma, the virus usually grows very slowly over a period of time.
It is a malignant epithelial neoplasm that originates in this part of the body at the expense of squamous and glandular epithelium.
Cervical cancer is the second biggest killer of our country, most affected women range from 30 to 54 years, however, also occur in cases where junior women 20-24 years. Its most common factors are the beginning of sex at a young age, a history family.
This early stage cancer has no symptoms but with advancing abnormal vaginal bleeding, abnormal discharge foul-smelling, loss of weight. To be able to diagnose cancer must perform the Pap test, which involves taking cells on the surface of the cervix is to use a piece of cotton, a brush or a palette of wood to gently scrape the cervical cells and these cells will be examined through the microscope to determine if they are abnormal.
THE PROBLEM
FORMULATION OF QUESTIONS:
What causes and consequences produced by the cancer to the cervix in women of 40-60 years in the province Cañete?
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION:
Know and explain the causes and consequences produced by the cervical cancer in women aged 40-60 years in the province of Cañete.
Hypothesis:
The cervical cancer is caused by the vaginal infections and may have consequences of death in women aged 40-60 years in the province of Cañete.
Justification:
I realize this research because it is a topic of health very important.
I make this research so that we can prevent this disease.
This research important women wings so you can prevent this disease.
Theoretical framework
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIONS:
“QUES EL CANCER?
“Cancer is a group of many diseases related. These diseases begin in the cell, the unit basic life the body. The cells have many functions throughout the body important. Normally, cells grow and divide to form new cells in an orderly fashion. They carry out their duties for a while and then die. ”
WHAT IS THE CERVIX?
“The cervix is the lower, narrow, of the uterus. The uterus, a hollow organ, pear-shaped, is located in the abdomen inferior to the woman, between the bladder and rectum. The cervix forms a canal that opens into the vagina, which leads to exterior the body. ”
Cervical cancer:
“Also known as cervical cancer or carcinoma of the cervix usually grows slowly over a period of time, in its beginnings some cells begin to develop from normal cells in precancerous cells and then become cancer cells (the process known as dysplasia) .
CERVICAL INCOMPETENCE:
“The cervix is the fuel passage between the uterus and the channel of labor. When a woman is pregnant comes into work in labor, your cervix begins to expand or dilate to allow the baby to pass through it. During During the pregnancy, the cervix remains closed, keeping the baby safe and trimmed into the amniotic sac. ”
Pap smear:
“The Pap test or cervical smear is a test or test done for women, designed to detect in early cervical abnormalities, which later may become cancer. ”
Uterine infection:
“The uterine infection begins in the most internal layers of the uterus and progress to the outer. It occurs after birth, usually by an ascending infection. The infection to the cervix can cause serious complications including death. ”
PELVIC PAIN:
“Pelvic pain may result from a variety of conditions. Often what causes the normal functioning of the female reproductive organs. It can sometimes be caused by conditions that require urgent attention of emergency, such as appendicitis or a pregnancy tubal rupture. In elsewhere, pelvic pain can be caused by potentially serious conditions that may require medical care. ”
Menstrual cycle:
“Menstruation is the loss of blood vaginally due to the shedding of the endometrium, occurring at an interval of approximately one month during the life a reproductive female, this is called bloody missed period or menstrual flow. ”
STERILIZATION:
‘Elimination or death of all organisms that contains an object or substance, and are arranged in such a way that can not be contaminated again. ”
CANCER VULVAL:
“It is a cancer that starts in the vulva. This cancer usually affects the lips, the folds of skin outside the vagina. In some cases, vulvar cancer may start on the clitoris or in glands on the sides of the vaginal opening. ”
SYMPTOMS:
“Women with this condition often have itching around the vagina for years and can have used different creams skin. They may also have bleeding. ”
Other skin changes may occur around the vulva:
Mole or freckle that can be pink, red, white or gray
Lump or thickening of the skin
Lesion (ulcer) dermal
Other symptoms:
1. Pain or burning when urinating
2. Sexual intercourse painful
3. Unusual odor
DIAGNOSIS:
“The pelvic exam and Pap test allow the doctor detect abnormal changes in the cervix. If tests show that an infection is present, the doctor treats the infection and after a time repeating the Pap test. If the examination or Pap test suggests something more than an infection, your doctor may repeat the Pap test and do other tests to find the problem. ”
TREATMENT OF CERVIX:
“The selection of treatment for cervical cancer depends on location and size of the tumor, the extent of disease, age and health in general of women, and other factors. ”
CAUSES:
“There are some factors that have been associated with the incidence of cervical cancer. The factor of risk more important in the development of premalignant lesions (CIN) or cervical cancer is infection with human papillomavirus, especially types 16 and 18. Other factors are:
1. The use of snuff.
2. The sexual promiscuity.
3. Age Early Start relations sex.
4. Number children high.
PREVENTION:
“There are two vaccines to prevent cervical cancer and other diseases caused by the virus human papillomavirus (HPV).
First, Gardasil, the laboratory Sanofi Pasteur MSD, was released in Spain in 2007 and the second, Cervarix, from GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), is in pharmacies since early 2008.
Gardasil prevents the development of high grade cervical dysplasia, cervical carcinomas, vulvar dysplastic lesions and high-grade vaginal and genital warts caused by HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18. These two types of HPV cause 70 percent of deaths from this tumor. ”
MONITORING AND CONTROL POST:
“The consecutive regular examinations, including pelvic examination, Pap test and other laboratory tests are very important for any woman who has been treated for precancerous changes or cervical cancer. The doctor will do these tests and often for several years for any signs of the condition has returned. ”
Fallopian tubes:
“Women have two horns, one for each ovary. The tubes leading from the ovary to the uterus. The tubes are conduits between 10 and 14cm long and 3mm in diameter that allow the migration of the ovary to the uterus. Some of the ovary the tube is a pavilion like a funnel bonded to the ovary to receive better highlighting the egg from the ovary during ovulation. ”
BODY OF THE CERVIX:
“It is the most common uterine tumor: it occurs in one in four women of childbearing age. In two thirds of cases are multiple. Increases in volume during pregnancy and shrink after menopause. They have more estrogen receptors than the myometrium neighbor and a higher proportion of estrogen receptors in relationship progesterone receptors . ”
VAGINAL BLEEDING:
“The vaginal bleeding that occurs between periods or after menopause sometimes may be due to a cancer or precancer, and must be evaluated promptly. The risk of cancer increases with age.
Check that the bleeding is coming from the vagina and rectum or urine. Inserting a tampon into the vagina will confirm the source of bleeding is the vagina, cervix or uterus.
A thorough examination by a physician is often the best way to find the source of bleeding. This test can be accomplished even while you are bleeding, so do not delay getting an exam just because you are currently bleeding. ”
COMPLICATIONS:
Some types of cervical cancer do not respond well to treatment.
The cancer may come back (come back) after treatment.
Women who receive treatment to save the uterus have a high risk of coming back (recurrence) of cancer.
Surgery and radiation can cause problems with the function sexual, bowel and bladder.
Who can CERVICAL CANCER?
“It is important to be tested detection cervical cancer because 6 out of 10 diagnoses of cervical cancer occur in women who had never done a Pap smear or had not done in the last five years.
The human papilloma virus (HPV) (in English), a common virus that can spread from person to person during sexual intercourse is the main cause of cervical cancer and also causes many cancers of the vagina and vulva. At least half of sexually active people acquire HPV at some point in their lives. ”
CERVICAL CANCER AND PREGNANCY:
“A small number cases of cervical cancer is detected in pregnant women. Most doctors think that if the cancer is in a very early stage, it is safe to continue the pregnancy until the end. At several weeks after the baby is born, we recommend starting treatment (most likely a hysterectomy).
If cancer is in an advanced stage, the woman and her doctor should decide whether the pregnancy should continue. If both decide to continue the pregnancy, the patient must undergo a caesarean section as soon as the baby can survive outside the womb. ”
CONTRACEPTIVE:
“It is that which prevents or significantly reduces the chances of fertilization or pregnancy during sexual intercourse. The methods of contraception was instrumental in making decisions about birth control (number of children they want to or not have), the pregnancy prevention and in reducing the number of unwanted pregnancies and pregnancies in adolescents1 2 The methods given after sexual intercourse are called emergency contraception.
The spread of family planning and sexual education promote the optimal use of contraceptive methods. ”
CHOICE OF METHOD OF BIRTH CONTROL:
“No method of contraception can be considered better than another or is absolutely secure. Each method has its indications and should be sought that which is most appropriate for each circumstance and allow for better sexual health. The effective theory of each method is greatly enhanced if used correctly. ”
FACTORS:
Having sex at an early age
Multiple sexual partners
Sexual partners who have multiple sexual partners or who participate in high-risk sexual activities
Women whose mothers taken during her pregnancy drug DES (diethylstilbestrol) in the early 60s to prevent the abortion spontaneous
CAN TREAT THE CANCER OF THE CERVIX:
“Like other cancers, cervical cancer can be treated in different ways. Some things that a doctor considers before choosing a treatment include
The size of the cancer and whether it has spread
The age and general health of women
Patient Preferences
All three treatment methods for cervical cancer are surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Treatment may include two or more of these methods. (11) The plan of treatment also includes specific follow-up visits with your doctor. These follow-up visits may include x-rays, biopsies, blood tests and other examinations. ”
WHAT CAN I DO TO REDUCE THE ODDS OF SUFFERING FROM CERVICAL CANCER?
“The best way to reduce the chances of cervical cancer is early detection through Pap. The cells precancerous cervical (and even some cancers) can be treated successfully if detected early, before they can spread.) ” Between 60% and 80% of U.S. women newly diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer had not done a Pap in five years prior to diagnosis and many of them never had undergone one. ”
“Therefore we recommend you follow your doctor’s instructions on the cytology, which can help detect changes cellular suspects in the cervix before they turn into cancer. (1) Your doctor can also teach other ways to decrease your chances of getting cervical cancer. ”
Conclusions
In Peru, cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women of childbearing age.
Now this is one of the few cancers that is preventable, remain the key to preventing common gynecological checks including HPV TEST, and shots on time.
The most common symptom for consultation was postcoital bleeding and vaginal discharge.
The surgical treatment of choice to the clinical stage IIb to prime choice in our patients because patients are mostly young, of course after a thorough clinical examination and ancillary testing to ensure plexito of radical surgery.
